Name: Fernanda Aparecida Supeleto
Type: MSc dissertation
Publication date: 06/03/2018
Advisor:
Name |
Role |
|---|---|
| Alexandre Pires Aguiar | Advisor * |
Examining board:
| Name |
Role |
|---|---|
| Alexandre Pires Aguiar | Advisor * |
| Cecília Waichert Monteiro | Internal Examiner * |
| Cíntia Cristina Lima Teixeira | External Alternate * |
| Gilson Silva Filho | External Examiner * |
| Taissa Rodrigues Marques da Silva | Internal Alternate * |
Summary: The Cryptinae, Ichneumoninae, Ophioninae and Anomaloninae (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) are compared at the species-level among two biological reserves in the Atlantic Forest, in southeastern Brasil. The reserves are 57 km from each other, and considerably distinct in their average altitude, climate, etc. The total sampling efforts, in trapdays, amounts to 1434 with Malaise and 2885 with Moericke, spread along a full year. A total of 4030 specimens were collected, in 462 species. The analyses were conducted in multiple levels: spacial (reserves, trails, sampling points), vegetational (primary [MS] vs. secondary forest [MS]), temporal (seasonality), taxonomic (subfamilies), biological (sex-ratio) and methodological (trap types). The structure of abundance and the values for richness and diversity were all equivalent between the reserves, but overall faunistic similarity reached only 33%. At the vegetation leve, MP and MS were quite dissimilar at nearly all levels of analysis, always with superior numbers for the MP. The species dynamics at the level of sampling points was complex, with linear and non-linear tendencies. Temporal structure was distinctly and progressively ascending from winter towards spring, but with ample shifts in the species composition of each season, and powerfull contributions from autumn and winter for the overall number of observed species. High heterogeneity was characteristic for the species composition at the various levels of analyses, suggesting a distribution of the aggregated type within each reserve, type of vegetation, or even at smaller size scales. All
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results are fully or at least in great part congruent for each subfamily separately, in spite of the largely different number of species of each. This is suggestive of a possible underlying ecological ou biological structure, effective at all taxonomic levels of the Ichneumonidae, in the various Atlantic Forest environments.
